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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a lover of coffee you're likely to know that different types of beans have distinct flavor profiles. Learn more about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, which are a variety of Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a sweeter and tarter flavor, and are often added to coffee blends to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica is the world's most popular coffee accounting for 75% of the global coffee beans produced. Arabica beans are sweeter and milder in flavor than Robusta and come in a variety of flavor profiles. The flavor and aroma of coffee can be affected by the conditions in which it is grown and the processing methods employed.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word that means berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds which grow in bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds realized that their goats were more energetic after eating the berries, and that the cultivation of coffee quickly became widespread across the globe.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes, and they are capable of thriving in cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is one of the main reasons for why Arabica is considered to be the most delicious coffee.

Many specialty coffee roasters and shops concentrate on using ethically-sourced arabica beans by focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable cultivation practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique signature coffees, which are suitable for a variety of brewing methods. Blending is a way to control the taste, aroma and body, as well as the acidity of coffee. It is generally used to create an even and consistent taste that appeals to a broad market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most common type of coffee bean grown in the world. They contain more caffeine per bean and are more protected against pests and diseases. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation in the brewing process, and can result in undesirable flavors.

The plant is more resilient than the arabica, and can grow in less favorable environments. It can tolerate warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, making it a more cost-effective plant to cultivate.

Although it might sound odd it's true that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended together to create coffee Bean Shop near me blends. If you notice names like Uganda or Kenya on the bag of coffee, it's possible that there's also some robusta.

Most roasters employ a mixture of arabica and coffee beans to lower costs and preserve quality. To preserve the integrity of flavor you should select a high quality bean from a reliable source. The best method to do this is to buy your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped and are therefore distinct from other types of coffee beans. They have a distinct aroma that is fruity and floral with smoky undertones. They are often added to other bean varieties to provide a fuller, more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They can grow in low altitudes and tolerate humid, hot climates. They are also more resistant to disease than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for growing at home. Online, you can purchase the seeds from many sources. However, it is ideal to purchase the beans from local producers to ensure the highest quality. The ideal conditions to grow Liberica coffee include fertile deep volcano soils with a pH that is moderately acidic and adequate annual rainfall.

Another type of coffee bean is Excelsa which was originally considered to be a separate species but has been re-classified as a variant of Liberica. These coffee beans are ovals that are grown on large 20 to 30 feet coffee plants at moderate altitudes. They have a unique taste that is both tart and fruity that has made them a sought-after selection in blends for house. They have a more subtle aroma and higher caffeine content than Arabica or Robusta but they still have a distinctive depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most popular kind of coffee beans in bulk beans Excelsa beans aren't quite as easy to find as Arabica or Robusta. They were actually regarded as a different coffee plant species until 2006 when they were reclassified to be a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. These days, they're mostly grown in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's coffee production. These coffee beans have a distinctive teardrop shape and have a dark, mysterious flavor. These beans are often used to give blends additional body and a rich tart taste of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are by far the most popular and are known for their sweeter taste. They thrive in tropical and warm climates and high altitudes. They also have a little of acidity. If brewed and roasted correctly they may have notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most sought-after coffee worldwide, and is responsible for around 40% of all coffee consumed in the world. Robusta beans are smaller and rounder, but have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They are also more bitter than the other two types and have an earthy and woody taste.

Now that you know the four most common types of coffee beans now is the time to pick your perfect brew. If you're looking for a smooth and delicate taste, go for an arabica or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.